Parenting a Child with Special Needs: A Phenomenological Study of Occupation and Adaptation
Graduation Date
2007
Document Type
Master's Thesis
Document Form
Degree Name
Masters of Science in Occupational Therapy
Department
Occupational Therapy
Department or Program Chair
Ruth Ramsey, EdD, OTR/L
Thesis Advisor
Ruth Ramsey, EdD, OTR/L
Second Advisor
Stacy Frauwirth, MS, OTR/L
Abstract
In the United States, approximately eighteen percent of children have special needs (Leiter, Krauss, Anderson, & Wells, 2004). The parents caring for these children are often faced with challenges that may impact their daily activities. The purpose of this study was to explore the phenomenon of parenting a child with special needs, particularly the adaptations made in a parent’s occupations in response to accommodating to the child’s special needs.
This study was conducted using qualitative research methods, using a hermeneutic phenomenological approach. Through purposive sampling one individual was selected to participate in this case study research. In-depth interviews and participant observations were used to collect data. This study explored the real life experiences and situations of parenting a child with special needs and the context in which this phenomenon occurs.
The study found that parenting a child with special needs required the participant to be prepared, have strong support systems, and adapt to her child s activities. The study also found that despite the many demands of parenting a child with special needs, the participant was able to designate time for her self to participate in meaningful creative occupations and to work a temporary part-time job. The study results also indicated that emotions such as love, sadness, frustration, and hope may be experienced by a parent caring for a child with special needs.
Although pediatric occupational therapists primarily focus on working with the child with special needs, it is essential to also be concerned about the parent's needs, particularly when providing family-centered care. Findings from this study may help occupational therapists assist parents to develop healthy adaptations.