Graduation Year

2026

Document Type

Senior Thesis

Degree

Bachelor of Science in Nursing

Primary Major

Nursing

Primary Minor

Clinical and Counseling Sciences

Second Minor

Leadership Studies

Thesis Advisor

Kendra Hoepper, DNP, APRN, PNP-C

Abstract

Background: Childbirth has become heavily reliant on pharmacological management and obstetric interventions such as epidural use, labor induction, and cesarean deliveries (C-sections) even among low-risk pregnancies. While necessary in some cases, excessive reliance on pharmacological interventions can negatively impact the experience of birthing as a whole. Non-pharmacological interventions (NPIs) such as breathing techniques, positioning, hydrotherapy, massage, aromatherapy and continuous support have shown to be effective in reducing pain and supporting physiologic labor. The gaps in education and lack of standard implementation result in inconsistent application in practice. Purpose: This research proposal aims to evaluate the effectiveness of nurse-led NPIs compared to standard pharmacological pain management in improving maternal comfort, satisfaction, and obstetric outcomes by strengthening nurse education in applying NPIs. Method: A quantitative quasi-experimental design will compare two groups of laboring mothers with one receiving NPIs and one receiving standard care. Data will be collected in early labor, active labor, and postpartum. Outcomes will be measured using validated tools including the V   AS, STAI, CSS, APGAR scores, and labor progress charts. Differences across the various points in labor will be analyzed using ANOVA, with paired t-tests, and a p < 0.05. Results: The results are expected to show that nurse-led NPIs improve maternal comfort and increase satisfaction while reducing unnecessary obstetric interventions, so integrating NPIs into standard care is beneficial. Conclusion: Creating a system-wide use of evidence-based NPIs, and increasing nurse education can promote physiologic birth, and improve overall childbirth experiences for diverse populations.

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